I. Hunhu hweChina zvikamu uye zvikamu zvinotsigira musika
Ndinotenda kuti vatengesi vazhinji vari kuongorora dambudziko iri, sekutaura kwekare: zvizive iwe, ziva muvengi wako, uye iwe uchakunda zana rehondo.
Kune vatengesi vari padanho rekuchinja kana kugadzirira kupinda muChina zvikamu zvemotokari zvinotsigira indasitiri, kubata hunhu hwemusika unotsigira musika kunogona kuderedza zvisina basa "chikoro".Hunhu hwemusika wemumba unotsigira hunogona kupfupikiswa sezvizvi:
1. Kuenzaniswa nemusika wekutengesa-shure, kune marudzi mashoma, asi huwandu hwebatch imwe neimwe yakakura.
2. Kuoma kwehunyanzvi hwepamusoro kupfuura mushure mekutengesa musika.
Nekuda kwekutonga kwakananga uye kutora chikamu kweOEMS, izvo zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvichave zvakakwirira kupfuura iyo aftermarket;
3. Panyaya yezvigadzirwa, nguva uye kuenderera mberi kwekupa kunofanira kuvimbiswa zvachose, uye oEMS haifaniri kumisa kugadzirwa nekuda kweizvi;
Sezvineiwo, matura aizowanikwa akatenderedza oEMS.
4. High service zvinodiwa, zvakadai sezvinobvira yeuka.
Pamusoro pezvo, kunyangwe iyo modhi yaunopa yakamiswa, iwe kazhinji unofanirwa kuvimbisa kupa zvikamu kweanopfuura makore gumi.
Kune vatengesi vazhinji, hapana nzvimbo yakawanda yasara mumusika wepamba, uye kusimudzira misika yemhiri kwemakungwa chinhu chinonyanya kukosha.
Chechipiri, mamiriro azvino eChinese auto zvikamu zvekugadzira mabhizinesi
1. Vagadziri vechikamu cheChina chemuno vanotarisana nematambudziko mazhinji
Mumakore achangopfuura, nekukura nekukurumidza kweindasitiri yemotokari yeChina, kusimba kwevagadziri vemotokari kwakakwidziridzwa zvakanyanya.
Mukupesana kwakanyanya, indasitiri yeChina yezvikamu zvemotokari ichiri kure nekukura nekusimba.
Mumashure mekukwira kwezvinhu, kukoshesa kweRenminbi, kukwira kwemitengo yevashandi uye kudzokororwa kuderedzwa kwemitero yekunze, kana kukwidza mitengo kana kusadaro idambudziko kune bhizinesi rega rega.
Nekudaro, kumakambani ekuChina emuno chikamu, kukwira kwemitengo kunogona kureva kurasikirwa kwemaodha, nekuti zvigadzirwa pachazvo hazvina musimboti tekinoroji, kana vakarasikirwa neyakajairwa mutengo mukana, saka vanogona kusangana hapana anobhadhara "Made in China" inonyadzisa mamiriro.
Muna 2008 China Shanghai International Auto Parts Exhibition, vakati wandei vatengesi vezvikamu vakati ivo sezviri pachena vakanzwa kumanikidzwa kubva kumusika wepasirese.Mumakore mashoma apfuura, mabhizinesi anogona kugadzira purofiti yakanaka, pasi pehuviri mhedzisiro yekukwira kwezvinhu uye kukoshesa kweRMB, mibairo yavo yakawedzera kuipa kupfuura nakare, uye purofiti yavo kunze kwenyika iri kuramba ichiderera nekutetepa.
Makwikwi ari mumusika wemumba anotsigira musika ari kuramba achiwedzera, uye purofiti yakakura yemabhizinesi anoita mushure mekutengesa-inotsigira musika iri kudzikira, neavhareji nhanho inosvika gumi%.
Uye zvakare, makambani epasi rose echikamu akapinda muChina uye akakurumidza kuwedzera mumunda wezvinhu zvemotokari dzevatyairi uye zvikamu zvemotokari zvekutengesa, zvichikonzera matambudziko akanyanya kumakambani eLocal Component muChina.
2. Simba rakasimba pakati pevashambadziri vechikamu chemarudzi akawanda
Kusiyana nenguva dziri kuramba dzakaoma kune vatengesi venzvimbo, vemarudzi akawanda vari kubudirira muChina.
Denso wekuJapan, Mobis wekuSouth Korea, uye Delphi naBorgwarner vekuUnited States, pakati pevamwe, vane makambani akazara kana kudzora muChina, uye mabhizinesi avo ari kukwira kumusana kwekukura kwakasimba mumusika weChina.
Yang Weihua, visteon marketing director weAsia Pacific, akati: “Kukwira kwezvigadzirwa kwabvisa mukana wemutengo wakaderera wevatengesi veko, asi bhizinesi reVisteon kuChina richaramba richikura zvakanyanya.
"Kukanganisa kuchave kune vatengesi venzvimbo, kunyangwe kukanganisa kwacho kungasanzwika kwerimwe gore kana maviri."
Kubva 2006 kusvika 2010, kutengesa kweBorgwarner kuChina kuchazadzisa chinangwa chekuda "kukura kashanu mumakore mashanu", akadaro anobva kudhipatimendi rekutenga reBorgwarner (China).
Parizvino, Borgwarner haingotsigire maOems emuno muChina chete, asi zvakare inoshandisa China senzvimbo yekugadzira yekutengesa kunze kwenyika.
"Shanduko yeRMB/US dhora rekuchinja inongokanganisa kutengesa kunze kwenyika kuUS, kwete kukwana kukanganisa kukura kwakasimba kwebhizinesi rese reborgwarner muChina."
Liu Xiaohong, maneja wezvekufambiswa kwemashoko weDelphi China, ane tarisiro yekuti kukura muChina kuchadarika makumi mana muzana gore rino.
Mukuwedzera, Maererano naJiang Jian, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri weDelphi (China), bhizinesi rayo munharaunda yeAsia-pacific rave richikura pamwero we26% gore negore, uye bhizinesi rayo muChina riri kuwedzera ne30% gore negore.
"Nekuda kwekukura kuri kukurumidza uku, Delphi yafunga kumisa nzvimbo yayo yechishanu yetekinoroji mudunhu reAsia Pacific kuChina, uye basa riri kuenderera mberi."
Zvinoenderana nenhamba dzakakodzera, huwandu hwemabhizinesi akaiswa kunze kwenyika uye zvikamu zvemabhizinesi muChina asvika panosvika mazana mashanu. Vese vatengesi vemarudzi akawanda, kusanganisira Visteon, Borgwarner neDelphi, vakagadzira masangano akabatana kana makambani akazara muChina pasina kusarudzika.
3. Marginalization knockout competition inotanga zviri pamutemo
Vatengesi vemudzimba, vazhinji vacho vanobva kuChina, vanga vachiwedzera kusarudzika muhondo pakati pekudyara kwekunze nekunze.
Muenzaniso wakajairika ndewekuti anenge ese edzimba dzepakati mabhizinesi mabhizinesi anodzorwa zvachose nemakambani emarudzi akawanda nenzira yekuzvimiririra chete kana kubata. Maererano nehuwandu, mari yekunze mumusika weChina auto zvikamu zvakaverengera zvinopfuura 60% yemugove, uye muindasitiri yezvikamu zvemotokari, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti ichasvika kupfuura 80%.Mukuwedzera, mumagetsi emotokari uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro uye nzvimbo dzakakosha senge injini, bhokisi regiya nezvimwe zvakakosha, kutonga kwekunze kwechikamu chemusika. yakakwira zvekusvika pa90%.Dzimwe nyanzvi dzakatomboyambira kuti sevatengesi vezvikamu kumusoro kweindasitiri yemotokari, kana vangorasikirwa nechinzvimbo chavo pamusika, zvinogona kureva kuti indasitiri yemotokari yemuno "ichavharwa".
Parizvino, indasitiri yeChina yezvikamu zvemotokari yakarembera kumashure kwekuvandudzwa kwemotokari yese, uye kukwikwidza kwese kwemabhizinesi eChina zvikamu zvemotokari kuri kudzikira.Nekuda kwekufunga kwakanyanya kwemadhipatimendi ane hunyanzvi eindasitiri anoisa kukosha kwakawanda kune injini huru kupfuura zvikamu, iyo lag yave chipingamupinyi chikuru mukusimudzira indasitiri yeChina auto zvikamu.
Nepo vatengesi vekuChina vari kukura nekukurumidza, kushaikwa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvinhu muzvigadzirwa zvavo, pamwe nekushaya simba mumaindasitiri akakosha akadai sekugadzira simbi uye mapurasitiki eindasitiri, zvikonzero zvekusavimba kwevagadziri veauto muvagadziri venzvimbo. Tora Borgwarner (China) muenzaniso.Parizvino, vangangosvika 70% yevatengesi veborgWarner vanobva kuChina, asi makumi matatu muzana chete ndivo vangangoverengerwa muhurongwa hwevanogovera, nepo vamwe vatengesi vachizopedzisira vabviswa.
Iyo component supplier ecosystem inogona kupatsanurwa kuita nhanho nhatu zvichienderana nesimba uye kupatsanurwa kwevashandi: Kureva kuti, Tier1 (tier) ndiye mutengesi wemotokari system, Tier2 ndiye anopa mota gungano/module, uye Tier3 ndiye mutengesi wemotokari. zvikamu/zvikamu.Mazhinji emabhizinesi ezvikamu zvepamba ari mumusasa weTier2 neTier3, uye panenge pasina mabhizinesi muTier1. "
Parizvino, Tier1 inenge yakatongwa nemakambani emarudzi akawanda akaita seBosch, Waystone neDelphi, nepo mabhizinesi mazhinji emuno ari madiki echikamu cheTier3 ane kugadzirwa kwezvinhu, yakaderera-tekinoroji yemukati uye yekushanda-yakanyanya maitiro ekugadzira.
Chete nekuita hunyanzvi hwekuita tekinoroji uye nekugadzira yakakwira-yakawedzerwa zvigadzirwa zvinogona kuita kuti vagadziri vemotokari dzeChinese vabvise zvachose mamiriro e "kuwedzera kushomeka mukugadzira, tekinoroji nekutsvaga nekusimudzira".
Matatu, emunharaunda auto zvikamu zvinotsigira mabhizinesi maitiro ekusimbisa kutenderedza
Nekukurumidza kusimukira kweindasitiri yemotokari yeChina, China yave mutengi wemotokari wechitatu wepasi rose.Muna 2007, mota PARC ichasvika mamirioni makumi mana nemashanu, pakati payo mota yakazvimirira PARC inosvika 32.5 miriyoni.Mumakore achangopfuura, mota yeChina PARC yakakura nekukurumidza, iri pachinhanho chechitanhatu munyika.Pakazosvika 2020, inogona kusvika 133 miriyoni, iri yechipiri pasirese, yechipiri chete kuUnited States, uyezve ichapinda munguva yakagadzikana yebudiriro.
Iine mikana yebhizimisi isingagumi, izere nerunako, yakamirira kuti isu tigadzirise "mugodhi wegoridhe".Nekukurumidza kukura kwemotokari, indasitiri yezvikamu zvemotokari yakawanawo kukura nokukurumidza.Musika wekuChina keke hombe rinenge rinenge rose repasi rose. yakakurumbira mhando yezvikamu zvemotokari, kunyanya mumakore achangopfuura, akadai sekukohwa Delphi, visteon, denso, zvikamu zveMichelin, muller uye mamwe ma brand anozivikanwa epasi rese, aine zvakanakira mhando yayo yepasirese mumusika weChina auto zvikamu zvakakwira, kuumbwa. Yekukanganisa kwakasimba pamusika wemidziyo yemotokari, kuvandudza zvikamu zvemotokari zvemukati kuita mamiriro ekunze, yakasarudzika yakakomberedzwa nenyika dzave chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kumabhizinesi enzvimbo dzemotokari.
1. Gadzira "inonzwika" yakazvimiririra mhando kuti uwane kubudirira kwemhando
Makambani emotokari dzekune dzimwe nyika anowanzo shandisa zvine hungwaru kushandisa mapofu epfungwa dzevatengi vekuChina, uye vanozvipfekedza semhando dzemhando dzemotokari dzemhando yepamusoro nekuda kwemajasi avo "ekune dzimwe nyika" uye "makambani makuru epasi rose" kuti vavimbe nevatengi. panguva imwe chete, nekuda kweiyi psycho chong, vatengi vazhinji vanozopihwa mazita ekupinza epamusoro-giredhi zvishongedzo, nekuti mumeso avo, zvishongedzo zvepamba zvinongori zvigadzirwa zvakaderera.
Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kushaikwa kwechiratidzo ndechimwe chezvakanyanya kusakosha kweChinese emunharaunda auto parts enterprises.Mumakore achangopfuura, kunyangwe kugadzirwa kweauto parts kuChina kwakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya, asi kana tichienzaniswa nemabhizimusi epasi rese ane simba, tichine gap hombe, yedu. mabhizimisi ezvikamu zvemotokari kunyange haana vashoma vanorega vanhu vachidada uye vanodada nemhando ye "inorira". Naizvozvo, makambani ezvigadziriso zvemotokari anofanirwa kutarisisa kuumbwa nekuratidzwa kwehunhu hwemhando yavo, uye kugadzira mhando dzeChinese dzine maitiro akazvimirira. Nyanzvi inotenda kuti chete nekugadzira yakazvimiririra budiriro sisitimu uye kugona, uye kugadzira yakazvimirira budiriro timu, zvikamu zvemabhizinesi zvinogona kupedzisira zvaratidza "mhando" yavo uye kugadzira kukwikwidza kuputsa kukomba kwenyika.
Makwikwi eindasitiri yezvikamu zvemotokari anotyisa zvikuru, kunyanya panyaya yekudyidzana kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera kwehupfumi hwenyika, hofori zhinji dzepasi rose dzakapinda mumusika weChina. zviyero uye mabhizinesi ari muindasitiri sechinangwa chavo chekubata zviyero uye kusimudzira kusvika padanho repamusoro.Kudzidzira chikiribidi chimwe kana maviri kana anopfuura vamwe havana "manomano", kunatsiridza kukwikwidza kwezvigadzirwa zvebhizinesi kubva kune yavo, kugadzira. an absolute advantage.We must kukurumidza kuwedzera simba redu rekugadzira uye chiyero, uye nekukurumidza kuva nesimba uye kukura.Kugadzira nyika-yepamusoro yakasimba yakazvimirira brand, kuumbwa kwe "high, special, strong" "brand effect".Mumakore achangopfuura, Mabhizinesi eChina auto zvikamu mabhizinesi akabuda mamwe mabhureki anomira akasimba mumusika, senge universal bearings, nezvimwe, chiyero chemabhizinesi aya chiri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, simba rehunyanzvi riri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, mumakwikwi anotyisa ekutamba nyika yavo, ratidza yavo brand.Senge nyanzvi yekugadzira uye kushanda kwakakwira, yepakati-giredhi dizeli injini piston, giya, pombi yemafuta yehunan riverside muchina (boka) co., LTD., mumakore achangopfuura, inokurumidza kuchinjika kumusika, inogara ichivandudza danho rekuvandudza tekinoroji yechigadzirwa uye mhando yechigadzirwa, zvigadzirwa zvemabhizinesi zvinoramba zviri chinzvimbo chemubairo mumakwikwi emusika, nekudaro zvichipa mamiriro akanaka kuti mabhizinesi atore chikamu mumakwikwi kumba nekune dzimwe nyika. muindasitiri, yakaverengerwa seindasitiri, yepurovhinzi "yakakurumbira mhando zvigadzirwa".
2. Innovate core technologies kuti uwane kubudirira kwepamusoro
Musika wepamusoro-soro wezvikamu zvemotokari wagara uri wemakwikwi.Kubva pamaonero emusika purofiti, kunyangwe zvikamu zvemotokari zvepamusoro zvinongoverengera 30% yemusika wese wezvikamu zvemotokari parizvino, purofiti inodarika purofiti yese Zvigadzirwa zvepakati uye zvakaderera.Kunyangwe indasitiri yeChina yezvikamu zvemotokari yakabudirira pamusika wepamusoro, asi vagadziri vezvikamu zvemotokari vekunze, nesimba rayo rehupfumi nehunyanzvi, zvigadzirwa zvakura uye ruzivo rwekugadzira kugadzirwa, pamwe neboka remarudzi emotokari rakagadzira Strategic alliance, yakatora zvikamu zvikuru zvemusika wepamusoro-soro muChina, kutonga kwehunyanzvi hwepamusoro, nzvimbo dzechigadzirwa chepamusoro. .
"Mhirizhonga yakaderera yeChinese auto parts indasitiri" uye "kurasikirwa kwepamusoro-soro" ndiko kuratidzwa kwechokwadi kwechinzvimbo chayo kumucheto kwakadzika kweketani yemaindasitiri, uye chisakiso chemamiriro ezvinhu eChinese auto parts indasitiri chiri mu kushaikwa kwehunyanzvi tekinoroji yemabhizinesi emuno, vasingakwanisi kuratidza "hunyanzvi hwavo hwakasiyana".
Iine mikana yebhizimisi isingagumi, izere nerunako, yakamirira kuti isu tigadzirise "mugodhi wegoridhe".Nekukurumidza kukura kwemotokari, indasitiri yezvikamu zvemotokari yakawanawo kukura nokukurumidza.Musika wekuChina keke hombe rinenge rinenge rose repasi rose. yakakurumbira mhando yezvikamu zvemotokari, kunyanya mumakore achangopfuura, akadai sekukohwa Delphi, visteon, denso, zvikamu zveMichelin, muller uye mamwe ma brand anozivikanwa epasi rese, aine zvakanakira mhando yayo yepasirese mumusika weChina auto zvikamu zvakakwira, kuumbwa. Yekukanganisa kwakasimba pamusika wemidziyo yemotokari, kuvandudza zvikamu zvemotokari zvemukati kuita mamiriro ekunze, yakasarudzika yakakomberedzwa nenyika dzave chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kumabhizinesi enzvimbo dzemotokari.
1. Gadzira "inonzwika" yakazvimiririra mhando kuti uwane kubudirira kwemhando
Makambani emotokari dzekune dzimwe nyika anowanzo shandisa zvine hungwaru kushandisa mapofu epfungwa dzevatengi vekuChina, uye vanozvipfekedza semhando dzemhando dzemotokari dzemhando yepamusoro nekuda kwemajasi avo "ekune dzimwe nyika" uye "makambani makuru epasi rose" kuti vavimbe nevatengi. panguva imwe chete, nekuda kweiyi psycho chong, vatengi vazhinji vanozopihwa mazita ekupinza epamusoro-giredhi zvishongedzo, nekuti mumeso avo, zvishongedzo zvepamba zvinongori zvigadzirwa zvakaderera.
Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kushaikwa kwechiratidzo ndechimwe chezvakanyanya kusakosha kweChinese emunharaunda auto parts enterprises.Mumakore achangopfuura, kunyangwe kugadzirwa kweauto parts kuChina kwakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya, asi kana tichienzaniswa nemabhizimusi epasi rese ane simba, tichine gap hombe, yedu. mabhizimisi ezvikamu zvemotokari kunyange haana vashoma vanorega vanhu vachidada uye vanodada nemhando ye "inorira". Naizvozvo, makambani ezvigadziriso zvemotokari anofanirwa kutarisisa kuumbwa nekuratidzwa kwehunhu hwemhando yavo, uye kugadzira mhando dzeChinese dzine maitiro akazvimirira. Nyanzvi inotenda kuti chete nekugadzira yakazvimiririra budiriro sisitimu uye kugona, uye kugadzira yakazvimirira budiriro timu, zvikamu zvemabhizinesi zvinogona kupedzisira zvaratidza "mhando" yavo uye kugadzira kukwikwidza kuputsa kukomba kwenyika.
Makwikwi eindasitiri yezvikamu zvemotokari anotyisa zvikuru, kunyanya panyaya yekudyidzana kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera kwehupfumi hwenyika, hofori zhinji dzepasi rose dzakapinda mumusika weChina. zviyero uye mabhizinesi ari muindasitiri sechinangwa chavo chekubata zviyero uye kusimudzira kusvika padanho repamusoro.Kudzidzira chikiribidi chimwe kana maviri kana anopfuura vamwe havana "manomano", kunatsiridza kukwikwidza kwezvigadzirwa zvebhizinesi kubva kune yavo, kugadzira. an absolute advantage.We must kukurumidza kuwedzera simba redu rekugadzira uye chiyero, uye nekukurumidza kuva nesimba uye kukura.Kugadzira nyika-yepamusoro yakasimba yakazvimirira brand, kuumbwa kwe "high, special, strong" "brand effect".Mumakore achangopfuura, Mabhizinesi eChina auto zvikamu mabhizinesi akabuda mamwe mabhureki anomira akasimba mumusika, senge universal bearings, nezvimwe, chiyero chemabhizinesi aya chiri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, simba rehunyanzvi riri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, mumakwikwi anotyisa ekutamba nyika yavo, ratidza yavo brand.Senge nyanzvi yekugadzira uye kushanda kwakakwira, yepakati-giredhi dizeli injini piston, giya, pombi yemafuta yehunan riverside muchina (boka) co., LTD., mumakore achangopfuura, inokurumidza kuchinjika kumusika, inogara ichivandudza danho rekuvandudza tekinoroji yechigadzirwa uye mhando yechigadzirwa, zvigadzirwa zvemabhizinesi zvinoramba zviri chinzvimbo chemubairo mumakwikwi emusika, nekudaro zvichipa mamiriro akanaka kuti mabhizinesi atore chikamu mumakwikwi kumba nekune dzimwe nyika. muindasitiri, yakaverengerwa seindasitiri, yepurovhinzi "yakakurumbira mhando zvigadzirwa".
2. Innovate core technologies kuti uwane kubudirira kwepamusoro
Musika wepamusoro-soro wezvikamu zvemotokari wagara uri wemakwikwi.Kubva pamaonero emusika purofiti, kunyangwe zvikamu zvemotokari zvepamusoro zvinongoverengera 30% yemusika wese wezvikamu zvemotokari parizvino, purofiti inodarika purofiti yese Zvigadzirwa zvepakati uye zvakaderera.Kunyangwe indasitiri yeChina yezvikamu zvemotokari yakabudirira pamusika wepamusoro, asi vagadziri vezvikamu zvemotokari vekunze, nesimba rayo rehupfumi nehunyanzvi, zvigadzirwa zvakura uye ruzivo rwekugadzira kugadzirwa, pamwe neboka remarudzi emotokari rakagadzira Strategic alliance, yakatora zvikamu zvikuru zvemusika wepamusoro-soro muChina, kutonga kwehunyanzvi hwepamusoro, nzvimbo dzechigadzirwa chepamusoro. .
"Mhirizhonga yakaderera yeChinese auto parts indasitiri" uye "kurasikirwa kwepamusoro-soro" ndiko kuratidzwa kwechokwadi kwechinzvimbo chayo kumucheto kwakadzika kweketani yemaindasitiri, uye chisakiso chemamiriro ezvinhu eChinese auto parts indasitiri chiri mu kushaikwa kwehunyanzvi tekinoroji yemabhizinesi emuno, vasingakwanisi kuratidza "hunyanzvi hwavo hwakasiyana".
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-23-2021